How does nutrition influence athletic performance?

Nutrition plays a crucial role in athletic performance primarily by providing the necessary fuel and nutrients that the body needs to perform optimally during physical activity. Athletes require a balanced intake of macronutrients—carbohydrates, proteins, and fats—along with micronutrients like vitamins and minerals to support energy production, muscle recovery, and overall physiological function.

Carbohydrates serve as the most significant energy source during high-intensity exercise, while proteins are vital for muscle repair and growth. Fats also play an important role, especially during prolonged, lower-intensity activities. Adequate hydration, which is part of nutrition, is essential for maintaining performance, preventing fatigue, and supporting recovery.

The other choices do not directly contribute to athletic performance in the same way. While sleep and flexibility are essential for recovery and injury prevention, they do not have the direct energy-providing role that nutrition does. Limiting exercise sessions is counterproductive to improving performance, as consistent and appropriately structured training is necessary for athletes to enhance their skills and endurance. Therefore, the vital role nutrition plays in providing fuel and nutrients makes it the most impactful factor on athletic performance.