In the context of training, what does periodization refer to?

Periodization refers to the systematic planning of athletic training over a specified period, typically a year. This approach involves dividing the training cycle into distinct phases, each with specific goals and focuses, such as endurance, strength, power, and recovery. By strategically varying the intensity and volume of training, athletes can optimize their performance, avoid overtraining, and peak at the right time for competitions or events.

The process of periodization allows for progression and adaptation, helping to ensure that athletes are physically and mentally prepared for their sport's demands. It contrasts with simply repeating drills or workouts without a structured plan, which may result in stagnated performance or increased injury risk. By planning a training year intentionally, athletes can manage their workload effectively while also addressing different aspects of their fitness in a timely manner.