What does tapering refer to in the context of training?

Tapering is a critical training strategy used by athletes to optimize performance before a competition. It involves a deliberate reduction in training volume and intensity in the period leading up to an event. This approach allows the body to recover from the accumulated fatigue of training while maintaining fitness levels. By strategically reducing workload, athletes can enhance their energy stores, improve muscle recovery, and fine-tune their performance potential.

The other options do not accurately describe tapering. Increased training intensity before competition typically refers to "peaking" rather than tapering. Performance assessment methods involve different strategies entirely and are not specific to tapering. Long-term athletic development encompasses a wider range of training principles and goals, rather than the immediate focus of tapering on preparing for an upcoming event.