What is one of the consequences of using performance-enhancing substances?

The use of performance-enhancing substances can lead to long-term health issues, which is a well-documented consequence. These substances, often designed to improve athletic performance, can have a range of detrimental effects on the body. For example, anabolic steroids can disrupt hormonal balance, leading to conditions such as infertility, liver damage, and increased risk of heart disease. Additionally, athletes may experience psychological effects, including aggression and mood swings, which can significantly impact their overall well-being.

In terms of the other options, while immediate fame might seem appealing, it is typically fleeting and often overshadowed by the negative consequences of substance use. Shorter training sessions could potentially be a short-term outcome of increased performance, but the long-term effects on health supersede any immediate performance benefits. Lastly, while some athletes may experience a temporary boost in self-esteem from enhanced performance, the associated risks and potential fallout often result in deeper mental health issues in the long run. Thus, the focus on long-term health issues underscores the serious implications of substance use in sports.