What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic exercise?

The distinction between aerobic and anaerobic exercise primarily revolves around the availability of oxygen and the duration of the activities. Aerobic exercise requires oxygen to fuel the body's energy production during prolonged physical activity. This type of exercise, such as running or swimming, focuses on endurance and can be sustained for long durations. The body utilizes oxygen to convert carbohydrates and fats into energy, which supports extended efforts.

In contrast, anaerobic exercise occurs in the absence of sufficient oxygen and is typically characterized by short bursts of high-intensity activity. Examples include sprinting or heavy weightlifting, where the body relies on energy sources stored in the muscles for quick, explosive movements. This type of exercise leads to the buildup of lactic acid and cannot be maintained for as long as aerobic activities due to the limited availability of oxygen.

The correct answer effectively summarizes that aerobic exercise requires oxygen and is suited for long-duration activities, which is crucial in understanding how different types of exercise impact performance and fitness.