What performance-enhancing drug is known for its use in increasing aerobic capacity?

Erythropoietin (EPO) is a performance-enhancing drug that is recognized for its ability to significantly increase aerobic capacity. EPO stimulates the production of red blood cells in the body, which enhances the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. This is particularly beneficial for endurance athletes, as higher red blood cell counts allow more oxygen to be delivered to muscles during prolonged physical activity, leading to improved stamina and performance.

Athletes such as cyclists and long-distance runners have historically used EPO to gain a competitive advantage by increasing their aerobic endurance, enabling them to perform at higher intensities for longer periods. Its specific function in enhancing aerobic capacity sets it apart from other performance-enhancing drugs that may target strength, power, or mental alertness, but do not have the same direct impact on aerobic efficiency.