Which term describes substances that may enhance athletic performance?

The term that accurately describes substances used with the intent to enhance athletic performance is "Performance Enhancing Drugs," commonly abbreviated as PED. These substances can include a wide variety of drugs, such as anabolic steroids, stimulants, and hormones, which athletes might use to improve strength, endurance, speed, or overall competitive advantage. The designation of "enhancing" specifically indicates that these substances aim to boost an athlete's capabilities beyond natural limits.

In contrast, the other terms do not align with the established terminology in sports science and ethics. "Performance Detracting Drugs" suggests a focus on drugs that decrease performance, which would be contrary to the context of the question. "Performance Balancing Drugs" implies a role in achieving equilibrium rather than enhancement, while "Performance Support Drugs" might suggest substances that assist in performance without enhancing it directly. Therefore, Performance Enhancing Drugs is the correct term that directly addresses the focus on substances that boost athletic abilities.